Global central banks have further accelerated their pace of acquiring gold reserves. How to explain this rush towards the yellow metal and what does it indicate?
Central banks are hoarding gold at a frenetic pace
By 2022, central banks had already broken their gold accumulation record, and it looks set to be broken in 2023. According to data shared by the World Gold Council, eight central banks added 50 tonnes of gold to their reserves in June.
It was Poland that was the most fond of gold, as the country added 19 tonnes of gold to its reserves. Behind it, China continued its massive purchases for the seventh consecutive month. She got her hands on 16 tons of the yellow metal. Other buyers include Singapore (4 tonnes), Russia (3 tonnes), India (2 tonnes) and Kyrgyzstan (2 tonnes). Turkey, in great difficulty economically, has chosen to sell part of its gold reserves. This is also the case for Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.
The gold rush should also continue. According to a study by the World Gold Council, almost a quarter of central banks intends to continue to buy gold over the next twelve months. How to explain this accumulation?
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The reasons for this new gold rush
Gold is the reserve asset par excellence, the one to which the world’s central banks turn in times of economic instability. This yellow metal rush is therefore an indicator of the macro economic environment, particularly uncertain since the Covid-19 crisis. It must also be seen as a direct consequence of the war in Ukraine, and of the progressive “de-dollarization” of the world.
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine triggered significant sanctions from the international community. With a particularly clear highlight: the current system, which is based on the dollar and private banks, leaves central banks vulnerable to sanctions. Since then, calls for “de-dollarization” have multiplied, and recourse to the USD is tending to decrease. A trend also highlighted by the World Gold Council report:
“Views of central banks regarding the future of the US dollar are more pessimistic than in previous polls.»
Half of them estimate that the percentage of reserves in USD will reach 40 to 50% within 5 years.
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Gold and cryptos: the future of finance?
This interest is also found in conjunction with the cryptocurrency sector, which seems to be becoming one of the pillars of dedollarization. Last January, Russia and Iran – both heavily sanctioned economically – confirmed their desire to create a gold-backed stablecoin. Same scenario for Zimbabwe, where the issuance of a gold-backed central bank digital currency (MNBC) was confirmed in April. Proof of this growing interest, the capitalization of gold-backed stablecoins has exploded in recent times. It thus exceeded one billion dollars in the fall.
As in all historical periods of economic uncertainty, gold is therefore doing well. But this time, it seems that the evolution of financial technologies allows it to be associated with innovative active ingredients. And central bank forecasts show that this is an underlying trend.
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Source: Gold.org
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